What secures a toilet to the water closet flange?

Toilets are secured to the water closet flange using bolts. These bolts are typically made of metal and are inserted through the toilet's base into the flange, which is mounted on the floor. The purpose of these bolts is to create a secure and stable connection between the toilet and the flange, preventing any movement or rocking when in use. This connection is vital for maintaining a proper seal at the wax ring found underneath the toilet, which prevents leaks and ensures sanitary conditions.

Other attachment methods, such as screws, nails, or clips, are not used for toilets because they do not provide the necessary strength and stability required to securely fasten the toilet to the flange. Bolts are specifically designed to handle the weight of the toilet and the forces exerted during use, ensuring a long-lasting, secure installation.