Efflorescence refers to the white, powdery substance that can form on the surface of masonry, concrete, or other porous materials when moisture evaporates. This phenomenon occurs when soluble salts come to the surface of the material as water moves through it. When the water evaporates, it leaves behind these salts, which crystallize and create the characteristic white deposits.
This condition is significant because it indicates the presence of moisture movement through building materials, which can be a symptom of underlying issues with water management or drainage in a structure. While mold growth, crumbling, and corrosion are other possible consequences of moisture in building materials, efflorescence specifically represents the movement of water and the deposition of salts due to that moisture. It serves as a visual cue that moisture issues may need to be addressed.