Damage to asphalt shingles is divided into which two categories?

The correct choice identifies the two categories into which damage to asphalt shingles can be classified: functional and cosmetic. Functional damage refers to issues that affect the performance and integrity of the roofing system, potentially leading to leaks or reduced lifespan. This type of damage can impact the roof's ability to protect the home from water infiltration and other environmental factors, thus compromising its primary function.

Cosmetic damage, on the other hand, pertains to issues that may alter the visual appearance of the shingles but do not significantly affect their performance. Examples include discoloration, minor surface cracking, or loss of granules that do not compromise the overall integrity of the roof. Understanding this distinction is crucial for home inspectors as they assess the condition of asphalt shingle roofs, enabling them to provide comprehensive evaluations and recommendations to homeowners or potential buyers concerning necessary repairs or replacements.